L’évolution que connaissent les Jeux Olympiques a aussi une influence sur le sport en Suisse. Le nombre croissant d’épreuves et donc de médailles, et la concurrence internationale qui ne cesse de s’intensifier en font un défi toujours plus grand à relever pour les nations qui y participent. Les victoires aux Jeux Olympiques viennent couronner la carrière de sportifs et peuvent jouer un rôle considérable dans le développement d’une discipline à l’échelle d’un pays. La Suisse en tant que nation sportive soutient ses athlètes et ses fédérations. Même si les championnats d’Europe et du monde continuent parallèlement à gagner en importance, le nombre de médailles visé aux Jeux Olympiques constitue un indicateur central pour le versement des subventions. Sans un soutienefficace et une vision stratégique, il est en effet impossible pour une nation de s’assurer un succès àlong terme aux Jeux Olympiques. Le rapport «Sport d’élite Suisse – Etat des lieux SPLISS-CH 2019» présente de manière documentée le système du sport d’élite suisse et l’analyse de façon critique à la lumière des objectifs de médailles. Pour l’établir, les auteurs ont interrogé pas moins de 1151 athlètes, 542 entraîneurs et 102 chefs du sport de performance, chefs de la relève et responsables de la formation, et ont confronté les réponses obtenues à des sources bibliographiques, à des analyses de documents et à des avis d’experts recueillis au cours de 87 entretiens. Le rapport reprend également des argumentations présentées lors de divers ateliers ainsi que dans des travaux de recherche internationaux. Enfin, il s’attache à comparer sur certains thèmes choisis les résultats de l’enquête 2019 à ceux obtenus en 2011. Dans de nombreux domaines du système du sport, la Suisse apparaît comme une nation capable de soutenirla concurrence et d’encourager efficacement le sport d’élite dans une perspective olympique. A cet égard, il convient de souligner le nombre de mesures mises en oeuvre dans le champ de la politique du sport depuis 2011, dont les effets constatés de manière empirique chez les athlètes et les entraîneurs ont de quoi réjouir. Afin de pérenniser le développement du système suisse du sport d’élite, le rapport met en lumière six champs d’action dans lesquels des actions pourraient encore être entreprises et formule les recommandations suivantes: Améliorer le pilotage stratégique du système Optimiser encore le parcours des athlètes Accroître les possibilités de carrière des entraîneurs Améliorer à long terme la promotion des structuresmultidisciplinaires S’associer à des organisations de premier plan Renforcer le sport d’élite en tant qu’élément du patrimoine culturel suisse
Cette publication vise à fournir une aide à la planification des installations de sports de glace dans les phases d’initialisation, de définition des objectifs et d’études préliminaires. Elle doit permettre de sensibiliser les parties prenantes (autorités, initiateurs, planificateurs, p. ex.) aux thèmes essentiels pour réussir la conception d’une installation de sports de glace. Elle précise les différents concepts, éclaircit les spécificités et les questions qui se posent et fournit une base de discussion et de précision autour du projet et/ou de l’offre préalablement à la véritable phase de projet.
Diese Publikation dient als Planungshilfe für Eissportanlagen in den Phasen der Initialisierung, strategischen Planung und Vorstudien. Sie soll die verantwortlichen Personen (z. B. Behörden, Initiatoren, Planende) für Themen sensibilisieren, die für die erfolgreiche Konzeption einer Eissportanlage essentiell sind. Sie soll Begrifflichkeiten klären, Besonderheiten und Fragestellungen aufzeigen und ist als Grundlage für Diskussionen und Projekt-/Angebotsklärungen vor der eigentlichen Projektierungsphase zu sehen.
Aim and Research Questions This contribution aims to analyse the different levels and characteristics of the education pathway to become an elite coach in Switzerland in the light of the recent adjustments of curricula and increased financial support by the federal government for professional education. The objective is to optimise the management of elite coaching education with regards of the main challenges that coaches are facing and the characteristics and expectations of the sports market in Switzerland and its organisations. Theoretical Background and Literature Review The sports market in Switzerland represents 1.7% of the Swiss GDP, generates a turnover of CHF 22.2 billion and the total of jobs is 97'900 full-time equivalent, divided into nine sectors where coaches are included in that of service providers (Hoff et al., 2017). Coaches are also integrated in the General Classification of Economic Activities (Federal Statistical Office, 2008) and the current number of certified elite coaches is estimated at 1'400. In Switzerland, certification of coaches is a task performed by the Federal office of sport (FOSPO) in collaboration with the umbrella federation of sports, Swiss Olympic. The main challenges linked to a coaching career are a better recognition of the job in society, higher revenues, development of competencies, an effective transmission of knowledge to athletes and education pathways (Kempf & Lichtsteiner, 2015). From there, the structure and content of the curriculum has recently been adapted. However, in recent years, talent identification and development system has gone through a comprehensive resetting (Swiss Olympic, 2018). The pressure to build decisions on data driven analysis is growing in parallel with the number of similar professions such as personal or fitness coach which are booming (Wegener, Loebbert & Fritze, 2014). Moreover, national governing bodies of sport (NGBs), which are the main employer of elite coaches, do not consider coaching development as a priority in their statutes. These systemic factors can impact on the appropriate competencies, development of curricula and ultimately on attractiveness of the profession (Apitzch, 2012 ; Wohlfart & Adam, 2019). This calls for a reflection on a sustainable education pathway for elite coaches. Methodology The research builds on mixed methods, with a stronger emphasis on qualitative methodology. First, it performs a documentary analysis of a comprehensive set of policy documents gathered in 2019 (e.g. curricula, by-laws, policies). It also includes statistical data on the labour market in Switzerland. Second, it conducts a series of expert interviews (n=8) as well as two workshops with experts in the field of coaching education and development. Findings The analysis reveals that elite coaching education pathway combines multiple layers starting with sport-oriented education at the participation level under the responsibility of the FOSPO in collaboration with the NGBs and including different specialisations levels. This continues with a Federal Diploma of Higher Education and an Advanced Federal Diploma of Higher Education, and is accessible with a university degree and coaching experience. Since 2018, the federal government subsidises 50% of the registration fees to the exams of Federal Diplomas, reducing the entry costs to the education pathway. Discussion The new Swiss sports and athlete development pathway (FTEM Model) implemented in 2016, brought another reflection on the curricula development in order to better meet expectations and interests of athletes and NGBs. This has shifted the focus away from the optimal integration on the sports market in favour of the development of elite sport per se. Nevertheless, the elite coach market in Switzerland is very competitive, with only a few position openings, pushing clubs and NGBs to hire foreign elite coaches as they can pay them at a lower price. Therefore, the successful achievement of elite coaching education does not guarantee a position in elite sport and it can lead coaches to drop out of the system. Conclusion, Contribution and Implication We contribute to a better understanding regarding the levels and characteristics of the education pathway of elite coaching careers in Switzerland and offer optimisation potential. Indeed, the development of education and increased support from the FOSPO and Swiss Olympic strengthen the professional sector. It is then necessary to better understand the labour market, the consequences such as frequent involvement of foreign coaches and expectations of coaches in its entirety. In this respect, a more efficient approach to management of data on coaches is needed, requiring the centralisation of information with a better updating of information on their professional status. There is also a need to better understand the roles and competencies of current and future coaches, integrating the FTEM Model could allow specifications...
Management Summary Die «IBU Jugend & Junioren Weltmeisterschaften 2020 in der Biathlon Arena Lenzerheide» (YJWM 2020), die vom 23. Januar bis 2. Februar 2020 in der Lenzerheide stattgefunden hat, soll eine nachhaltige Wirkung erzielen. Die Thematik Nachhaltigkeit wurde mit einer Stabsfunktion im Organisationskomitee (OK) hinterlegt. Weiter wurde vor und nach der YJWM 2020 jeweils ein Nachhaltigkeitsworkshop durchgeführt. Vor dem Event wurden die Eventziele und die Nachhaltigkeitsziele, die für die YJWM 2020 anzustreben sind, definiert. Nach dem Event wurden die Learnings der YJWM 2020 sowie generelle Massnahmen im Bereich der Nachhaltigkeit diskutiert. Der vorliegende Bericht fasst die Bemühungen zusammen und schlägt in den fünf Dimensionen - Sportpolitik, Sportförderung, Soziales, Ökologie und Ökonomie - Massnahmen vor.
Research question: This paper explores the extent to which nations prioritise elite sport funding; whether such nations are more successful than those whose funding is more diversified; and, if the sports that receive the most funding are also the most successful.Research methods: Data on public expenditure for elite sport programmes (2011/2012) were collected on a sport-specific basis in 16 nations (n?=?445 funded sports). The Herfindahl index and concentration ratios of the four/eight most funded sports (CR4/CR8) are used as proxies for prioritisation. Success was measured using top three and top eight places during the Olympic Games and World Championships. Descriptive analysis and linear regression are applied to identify the relationship between the distribution of funding and success.Results and findings: Generally, all sample nations are prioritisers. Nations with smaller total elite sport budgets tended to prioritise more. There is a slight negative association between the distribution of funding within a country and subsequent success, indicating that the sample countries that prioritise more tended to be less successful. Sample nations that diversify their funding more, are found to be successful in a wider range of sports. In addition, the data illustrated only low allocative efficiency for some nations.Implications: The study produced ambiguous conclusions that prioritisation as a deliberate strategic choice is an efficient way to invest funding. The findings have important implications for high-performance managers and suggest that a more diverse resource allocation policy may help to avoid unintended negative consequences.
National governments search for efficient ways to improve their results at international sporting events such as the Olympic Games. The SPLISS 2.0 project (Sport Policy factors leading to International Sporting Success) observed a great diversity between the elite sport policy systems of sixteen nations. The current study built on data from the SPLISS 2.0 project to assess the existence of groups of similar sport policy systems. Sports performances as well as the size and wealth of nations were then compared between the groups. Cluster analysis (hierarchical and k-means) and Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon tests were applied to answer the research questions. Four groups of sport policy systems were identified (Leading, Challenging, Emerging and Specific). Population size, GDP per capita and sport performance in summer sports were significantly different between clusters; performance in winter sports wasn’t.
